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vector提供的元素访问及容器交换内容有如下操作:
at,访问指定的元素,同时进行越界检查
operator[],访问指定的元素
front 访问第一个元素
back 访问最后一个元素
data 返回指向内存中数组第一个元素的指针
swap交换两个容器内容
代码示例
#include#include using namespace std;void getElement(){ vector vec = {1, 3, 6, 8, 9, 12}; for(int c: vec) { cout << c << "\t"; } cout << endl; cout << "vec.front = " << vec.front() << endl; cout << "vec.at(2) = " << vec.at(2) << endl; cout << "vec[3] ==== " << vec[3] << endl; cout << "vec.data = " << *(vec.data()) << endl; cout << "vec.back == " << vec.back() << endl; cout << endl; vector vec1; vector vec2; vec1.assign(3, 23); vec2.assign({12,14,15,36,67}); for(int c: vec1) { cout << c << "\t"; } cout << endl; for(int c: vec2) { cout << c << "\t"; } cout << endl; cout << "vec1.size===" << vec1.size() << " vec1.capacity=" << vec1.capacity() << endl; cout << "vec2.size===" << vec2.size() << " vec2.capacity=" << vec2.capacity() << endl; auto it1 = vec1.begin(); auto it2 = vec2.begin(); int &ref1 = vec1.front(); int &ref2 = vec2.front(); cout << "*it1 = " << *it1 << " *it2 = " << *it2 << " ref1 = " << ref1 << " ref2 = " << ref2 << endl; cout << "vec1.data = " << vec1.data() << " vec2 = " << vec2.data() << endl; cout << "swap after======" << endl; vec1.swap(vec2); for(int c: vec1) { cout << c << "\t"; } cout << endl; for(int c: vec2) { cout << c << "\t"; } cout << endl; cout << "vec1.size===" << vec1.size() << " vec1.capacity=" << vec1.capacity() << endl; cout << "vec2.size===" << vec2.size() << " vec2.capacity=" << vec2.capacity() << endl; cout << "*it1 = " << *it1 << " *it2 = " << *it2 << " ref1 = " << ref1 << " ref2 = " << ref2 << endl; cout << "vec1.data = " << vec1.data() << " vec2 = " << vec2.data() << endl; cout << endl;}int main(){ //int = [-2147483648, 2147483647] getElement(); cout << endl; cout << "Hello World!" << endl; return 0;}
运行结果:
两个容器交互后,不公元素交换了,空间大小也交换了(是交接了地址吗?swap交换原理,从结果上看,两个元素的首地址交换了,并没有重生分配空间)
注意,交换后迭代器与引用保持与原来的元素关联,例如it1指向的元素还是23,ref1引用的元素还23。
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